DHAKA: Bangladesh’s interim government, led by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus, faces a critical test after the sentencing to death of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on charges of crimes against humanity.
Hasina, who has been in India since August last year following the violent uprising that ended her 15-year rule, has rejected the verdict, calling it biased and politically motivated.
The interim administration is preparing to hold a credible election in February, a crucial step for the nation after decades of rule by either Hasina or her longtime rival. However, the political climate remains tense.
“The interim government has fully suppressed the Awami League … So the level of polarization is at a fever pitch,” said Michael Kugelman, senior fellow at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. He highlighted concerns that Awami League supporters may attempt to disrupt the election, particularly as Bangladesh’s police are still recovering from the violence of last year’s crackdown.
Hasina’s son has warned that the party may block the election if its political activities are not reinstated, arguing that only an inclusive vote can stabilize the country. Analysts also say that Hasina is likely to manage her party from India while planning a long-term political comeback.
“Hasina will continue to manage her party’s affairs from India and play a long game, hoping to return to politics if circumstances change in the coming years,” Kugelman said.
Observers note that the Awami League will need serious reforms and new leadership to remain a viable political force. Sabir Mustafa, former head of BBC Bengali Service, called the trial “seriously flawed” and said the death sentence, issued in absentia, was unjust. Nevertheless, he expects Hasina’s supporters will be cautious in protesting immediately.
Meanwhile, Yunus faces the dual challenge of convincing the international community of the credibility of the trial process while ensuring a peaceful and fair election. Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International have questioned the fairness of the trial, whereas the U.N. rights body recognized the verdict as significant for victims of last year’s crackdown but opposed the death penalty.
Analysts stress that Yunus must prevent the election from being manipulated by other parties, including the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Jamaat-e-Islami, while guaranteeing security and political neutrality. Success could help him salvage his legacy as a Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
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