KATHMANDU: In recent times, cancer has claimed the lives of numerous individuals, affecting various parts of the human body.
Among the different types of cancer, lung cancer stands out as the most diagnosed and deadliest form worldwide.
The lungs, crucial organs responsible for drawing in and expelling air, play a vital role in supplying oxygen to the body.
Lung cancer affects both men and women, though its prevalence has been observed to be more pronounced in men.
The development of lung cancer arises from the abnormal growth and malfunctioning of lung cells.
Shockingly, the global mortality rate due to lung cancer amounts to a staggering 1.2 million individuals each year. Understanding lung cancer, its symptoms, and preventive measures is crucial in combating this devastating disease.
To shed light on this topic, Khabarhub conducted an insightful interview with cancer specialist Dr. Pankajraj Burman. Excerpts:
What is lung cancer?
Lung cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells within the lungs, disrupting their normal functioning.
The rapid proliferation of these cells resembles the slithering movement of a snake, impeding the lungs’ ability to perform their vital functions.
As the disease progresses, cancerous cells may spread to nearby organs and tissues, exacerbating the severity of the condition.
Lung cancer is categorized into two primary types: primary and secondary. Among men, lung cancer ranks as the second most prevalent cancer, following head and neck cancer.
Surprisingly, this cancer has also been detected in individuals under the age of 20, making early awareness and detection crucial in combatting its impact.”
How is lung cancer caused?
The leading cause of lung cancer is attributed to smoking, with the consumption of other tobacco products also posing significant risks.
In recent times, lung cancer has been on the rise among women, including those who have never smoked.
Non-smokers are also susceptible to lung cancer due to exposure to passive smoking, where the harmful effects of tobacco smoke affect individuals living in close proximity to smokers.
Furthermore, lung cancer has been observed in people who engage in cooking over traditional village fires.
These diverse risk factors underscore the importance of understanding the various causes of lung cancer and implementing effective preventive measures to curb its prevalence.”
What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
In the early stages of lung cancer, individuals may experience a persistent, dry cough that lingers for an extended period.
As the disease progresses, the cough may become more severe, leading to the appearance of blood or blood spots in the expelled phlegm.
Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing, even during regular activities, are common indications of lung cancer.
Sudden and unexplained weight loss, chest tightness, and persistent pneumonia are additional warning signs that should not be ignored.
Other symptoms include hoarseness, a sore throat, unusual headaches, prolonged cough, and unexplained bouts of bleeding.
Chest pain and breathlessness while walking can also serve as early warning signs of lung cancer.
If any of these symptoms manifest, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention.
A chest X-ray can provide valuable insights, enabling early detection and prompt intervention, potentially saving lives.”
What are the risks of not treating the symptoms of lung cancer?
Failing to address the symptoms of lung cancer can lead to significant risks and adverse outcomes for patients.
Alarmingly, around 80 percent of lung cancer cases are diagnosed in the advanced stage (fourth stage), making treatment challenging and reducing the chances of successful recovery.
Regrettably, only about 20 percent of patients seek medical attention during the initial stage of the disease.
To mitigate these risks and improve early detection rates, there is an increasing emphasis on regular health check-ups and screenings.
A chest X-ray is a valuable diagnostic tool to detect the presence of lung tumors and aids in identifying the disease at an early stage.
Early intervention through appropriate treatments, including chemotherapy and other medical therapies, can play a critical role in prolonging the patient’s life and enhancing their quality of life.
Early diagnosis offers the best chance for effective treatment, improved prognosis, and an overall better outlook for patients facing this challenging disease.
How to provide care for patients with lung cancer?
Caring for lung cancer patients involves crucial aspects that require attention and support from family and caregivers.
From the initial stages of diagnosis to treatment and beyond, a compassionate and understanding approach is essential.
Lung cancer patients often face immense emotional challenges. Providing empathy, encouragement, and a listening ear can make a significant difference in their well-being. Family support plays a vital role in alleviating feelings of isolation and anxiety.
Encouraging healthy lifestyle habits can complement medical treatments.
This includes promoting a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding harmful substances such as tobacco, which can exacerbate the condition.
What kind of food should a patient with lung cancer eat?
A patient with lung cancer should focus on consuming high-protein foods.
However, it’s essential to tailor the diet based on whether the patient undergoing chemotherapy has diabetes or not.
A well-planned diet is crucial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Avoiding raw fruits is advisable due to the risk of infection caused by a weakened immune system. Additionally, it’s best to limit the intake of oily foods.
What should one pay attention to in order to prevent lung cancer?
To reduce the risk of lung cancer, it is essential to adopt a healthy lifestyle.
Being proactive about seeking medical attention when symptoms arise is crucial.
Maintaining a nutritious diet and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are important preventive measures.
Regular exercise also contributes to reducing the risk. Early detection and timely treatment, if cancer does occur, can lead to better outcomes and improved patient comfort.
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